代码430120
石 油 与 天 然 气 工 程 Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering
摘要：
石油与天然气工程是研究石油与天然气勘探、评估、开采、油气分离、输送理论和技术的工程领域。其工程硕士学位授权单位培养从事石油与天然气生成环境、勘探、油气井工程设计、测井数据采集和处理、油气田开采、油气储运以及工程管理的高级技术人才。研修的主要课程有：政治理论课、外语课、工程数学、弹塑性力学、计算机应用技术、高等流体力学、高等渗流力学、油藏数值模拟、油田化学、采收率原理、现代油气勘探技术、现代油气井工程、现代凿井工程、天然气工程、高等油藏工程、高等采油工程、高等输油管道工程、高等输气管工程、油气田采输系统、油气管道运行模拟、天然气液化技术、高等管理学基础、能源经济等。
一、概述
石油与天然气工程是一个运用科学的理论、方法、技术与装备高效地钻探地下油气资源、最大限度并经济有效地将地层中的油气开采到地面，安全地将油气分离、计量与输运的工程技术领域。石油与天然气作为人类社会能源的重要组成部分，由于其不可替代性和自身的不可再生性，在世界经济的发展、人类社会生活与文明中占有极其重要的地位。由于石油与天然气存在着储层埋藏深，物性有低渗、超低渗，油品有稠油、超稠油，加之高压高温、地层非均质、井眼形成难等特点，给钻探与开发增加了很大的困难。目前，我国石油与天然气采收率还比较低、地质条件复杂，深井与超深井钻探与开采成本还比较高，因此是一项高投入、高风险、但效益明显的产业。在我国，2l世纪将是石油与天然气工程得以迅速发展的时代。
石油与天然气工程涉及工程力学、流体力学、油气地质、渗流物理、自控理论、计算机技术等基础和应用学科，需要解决的工程问题有钻井、完井、测试、油气藏开发地质、油气渗流规律、油气田开发方案与开采技术、提高采收率、油气矿场收集处理、长距离输送、储存与联网输配等工程问题。本工程领域与矿产普查与勘探、地球探测与信息技术、采矿工程、工程力学、化学工程、机械工程、交通运输工程等学科相关。
二、培养目标
培养从事石油与天然气工程领域所属油气井工程、油气田开发工程、油气储运工程中科技攻关、技术开发、工程设计与施工、工程规划与管理的高层次人才。
石油与天然气工程领域工程硕士应具有本工程领域坚实的基础理论和宽广的专业知识及管理知识，掌握解决工程问题的先进方法和现代化技术手段，具有独立担负工程技术或工程管理工作的能力以及解决工程实际问题的能力，具有较好的综合素质和较强的创新能力和适应能力。掌握一门外语，能较熟练地使用计算机。
三、领域范围
领域范围有以下几个方面。
油气井工程：油气井工程力学，油气井工作液的化学和力学，油气井工程测量与过程控制，油气井测井数据采集、处理与解释。
油气田开发工程：油气藏描述及开发地质建模的理论与方法，渗流理论和油气藏数值模拟，油气田开发理论与方法，采油采气工程理论与技术，提高采收率理论与技术，采油采气化学工程与理论。
油气储运工程：油气长距离管输技术，多相管流及油气田集输和油气处理技术，油气储运及营销系统优化，油气管道和储罐的强度研究，油气储运设施施工及安全、防腐技术。
石油与天然气工程管理。
四、课程设置
基础课：科学社会主义理论、自然辩证法、外语、工程数学、应用弹塑性力学、计算机应用基础、技术经济学等。
技术基础课：高等流体力学、高等渗流力学、油藏数值模拟、油田化学、提高采收率原理、渗流物理、油气藏经营管理、运筹学等。
专业课：现代油气井工程、现代完井工程、天然气工程、高等油藏工程、高等采油工程、高等输油管道工程、高等输气管道工程、油气田集输系统、油气管道运行模拟、项目管理、能源经济学等。
上述课程可定为学位课程和非学位课程。此外，还可以由培养单位与合作企业根据实际需要确定其他课程。课程学习总学分不少于28学分。
五、学位论文
论文选题应直接来源于生产实际或者具有明确的生产背景和应用价值，或者是一个完整的工程技术项目的设计或研究课题，或者是技术攻关、技术改造专题，或者是新工艺、新设备、新材料、新产品的研制与开发，也可以是工程管理课题。选题要求有难度、有新意、有足够的工作量。
对于技术攻关的成果，应有与国内外同类理论、方法与技术的对比分析；对于新工具、新工艺设计与开发的技术成果，论文应具有设计方案的比较、评估、参数计算模型与结果、完整的图纸；对于重大工程项目管理的成果，必须给出项目的系统组成、目标分析、风险与效益分析、计划与管理方案及措施、收益与创新管理方法。
Code: 430120
Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering
Abstract:
Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering concerns the exploration, exploitation, and transport of petroleum and gas and separation of gas and oil. The department which grants master’s degrees in this research field trains personnel engaged in oil exploration, oil shaft design, well data collection and processing, oil storage, transport and management. The main courses are political theory and foreign language, engineering mathematics, elasto-plastic mechanics, computer applications, fluid mechanics, seepage mechanics, numerical simulation of petroleum deposits, petroleum chemistry, recovery ratio theory, petroleum and natural gas exploration techniques, petroleum and natural gas well engineering, shaft engineering, natural gas engineering, petroleum deposit engineering, pipe engineering for petroleum transport, pipe engineering for gas transport, petroleum and gas transport, simulation of petroleum and gas pipes, natural gas liquefaction technique, management theory and energy economics.
I. Introduction
Petroleum and natural gas engineering is an engineering and technological field which studies efficient drilling, safe separation, dosing and transportation of oil and gas resources underground with scientific theories, methods, techniques and equipment. As important forms of energy which cannot be replaced or renewed, petroleum and natural gas play a decisive role in economic development, social life and civilization. However, drilling and exploitation of gas and oil are confronted with great difficulty due to their deep locations, heavy and super heavy oil, high temperature and high pressure, non-hormogeneous stratum, and difficult formation of wellbores. It is even more difficult when the formation bearing oil and gas have little or even super low permeability. At present, the rate of petroleum and natural gas collection is still low in china; additionally, the geologic conditions are sophisticated, and it is still expensive to exploit deep or super-deep mines. Therefore, it is an industry involving high investment and high risk but with obvious benefits. In China, petroleum and natural gas engineering will achieve rapid growth in the twenty-first century.
Petroleum and natural gas engineering involves such basic and applied disciplines as engineering mechanics, fluid mechanics, oil and gas geology, permeation fluid physics, automatic control theory, and computer techniques. It tackles the following engineering problems: drilling, completion, well-testing, geology of the petroleum and natural gas development, theory of fluid and gas through porous media, projects of petroleum and gas development and their exploitation techniques, collection improvement, crude oil and gas treatment, long-distance transportation, storage and networked delivery. Petroleum and natural gas engineering is related with reconnaissance survey and mineral exploration, earth exploration and information technique, mining engineering, engineering mechanics, chemistry engineering, mechanical engineering, traffic engineering, and so on.
II. Program Objectives
The specialty of petroleum and natural gas engineering aims to train advanced talents capable of carrying out technological breakthrough, technical development, engineering design, construction, planning and management in well engineering, petroleum and natural gas development engineering, petroleum and natural gas transportation engineering.
Graduate must have not only a solid background in basic theories but also extensive expertise and management knowledge. with a good command of modern methods and technical means to solve actual engineering problems, he must be capable of undertaking independently technical work or engineering management. With good comprehensive quality, he must have quite strong abilities to innovate and adapt to different environments. The graduate must also grasp a foreign language as well as computer skills.
III. Scope of the Field
1. oil and gas well engineering
1) oil and gas well mechanics engineering,
2) chemistry and mechanics of oil and gas Well operation fluid,
3) oil and gas engineering measurement and process Control,
4) collection, treatment and explanation of oil and gas well testing data.
2. oil and gas field development engineering
1)description of reservoir theory and methods of developing geology construction simulation,
2) theory of fluid flow and reservoir numerical simulation,
3) theory and method of oil and gas exploitation,
4) theory and method of oil and gas extraction engineering,
5) theory and method of improving efficiency in oil and gas extraction and collection,
6) chemistry engineering and theory of oil and gas extraction.
3. oil and gas storage and transportation engineering
1) oil and gas long-distance pipe transportation technique,
2) multiphase pipe fluid and flied collection and delivery and oil and gas treatment technique,
3) oil and gas storage and transportation and sales system optimization,
4) strength research of oil and gas pipe and storage tank,
5) oil and gas storage and transportation equipment construction and safety and anti-corrosion techniques.
4. petroleum and natural gas engineering management.
IV. Curriculums
Basic courses:
scientific socialism, dialectics of nature, foreign language, engineering mathematics, applied elastic-plastic mechanics, fundamentals of computer application, technical economies.
Basic technical courses: advanced fluid mechanics, advanced fluid flow mechanics, reservoir numerical simulation, flied chemistry, principles for improving oil extraction and collection, fluid flow physics, reservoir sales management, operational research.
Specialized courses:
contemporary oil and bas well engineering, contemporary completion engineering, natural gas engineering, advanced reservoir engineering, advanced oil extraction engineering, advanced oil transportation pipe engineering, advanced gas transportation pipe engineering, field collecting system, oil and gas pipe operation simulation, project management, energy economics.
The above courses can be chosen as degree or non-degree courses. Other courses can be added in accordance with the actual needs of the training unit and home enterprise. The total credits must be no less than twenty-eight.
V. Thesis
The thesis must originate from production practice or definite production background with application value. Tentative subjects include design of or research on an entire engineering project, technological breakthroughs, technical innovation, research and development of new processes, equipment, materials and products, and engineering management. With a novel subject, the thesis must involve certain technical difficulty and enough workload. The theses on technological breakthroughs must provide a comparative analysis with similar theories, methods and techniques abroad. Those on design and development of new processes and equipment must include comparison, evaluation, parameter calculating model, result, and complete set of drawings of the designing schemes. Those on project management must contain its structure, objective analysis, risk and benefits analysis, management scheme, plan and measures, benefits and updated management method.
